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来源：彩云官网2024-03-10 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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纪检监察机关围绕重点民生工作跟进监督保障祥和过节******

　　纪检监察机关围绕重点民生工作

　　跟进监督保障祥和过节

　　本报讯(记者李灵娜)春节临近，各地各部门用心用情、扎实细致做好重点民生工作。中央纪委日前印发《关于做好2023年元旦春节期间正风肃纪工作的通知》，各级纪检监察机关着眼保障人民群众度过安定祥和的节日，大力纠治在民生保障、帮扶救助、安全生产等方面不作为乱作为问题，推动解决群众“急难愁盼”。

　　“快过年了，预订年夜饭的客人多吗？最近市场监管部门有到酒楼来吗？”“已经快订满了。区市场监管部门来过几次，提醒我们要保证食材质量和卫生安全。”离春节不到半个月，四川省成都市纪委监委驻市市场监督管理局纪检监察组与驻在部门执法人员组成3个联合监督检查小组，深入全市酒店食府，围绕团年宴进货有无索证索票、食材储存管理是否合规、厨余垃圾如何处理、市场监管所执法人员检查频次和发现问题等，摸排一线监管人员有无不作为、慢作为、假作为、乱作为问题，督促推动市场监管系统动起来、紧起来、严起来，以实际行动守卫人民群众的“年夜饭”食品安全。

　　“我们监督聚焦‘民意最盼’，将团年宴食品安全检查工作具体情况，作为近期监督重点，直接到一线点位去，详细了解相关职能部门履职履责情况，以精准监督压实职能部门和属地政府责任，助力护民生、保安全。”成都市纪委监委第五纪检监察室主任刘学强说。

　　湖北省宜昌市纪委监委正在持续开展“下基层察民情解民忧暖民心”实践活动，发动全市纪检监察干部深入山区乡村、低保社区，以空巢老人、留守儿童、残疾人等困难群体为重点，逐村实地走访，逐项精准核查。1月以来，已经开展走访15次，发现并督促解决问题68个，保障群众平安祥和过节。

　　前不久，宜昌市远安县纪委监委党风政风监督室副主任覃雯雯来到茅坪场镇九龙村，偶然发现脱贫户张善新家中房梁受白蚁蛀食，房屋存在安全隐患。走访中，覃雯雯发现好几户村民家中都存在类似问题。远安县纪委监委随即将相关情况“点对点”反馈至县住建局，督促相关单位明确整改责任人和销号时间。1月5日，覃雯雯来到张善新家中进行回访。“去年发现房梁上好多小孔后，我每天都提心吊胆，怕哪天房梁被挖空了。这才没过几天，干部们就来教了防治白蚁的办法，还帮忙换了受损房梁。”张善新说。

　　“智能燃气表免费更换及集中入户安检推进怎样？供气管网设施及输配系统是否消除安全隐患？”“要加强燃气安全管理，做好应急预案，全力保障人民群众的生命财产安全”……近日，江苏省太仓市纪委监委紧盯节日期间安全生产领域问题易发多发环节，进一步整合、统筹、优化各方监督力量，联合应急、住建、环保、市场监管等职能部门开展精准监督，持续织密“监督网”，督促相关职能部门加大执法力度，全面排查整治贯彻落实年前安全风险防控不严密、安全责任落实不到位等各类民生领域的安全隐患问题，以精准有效的监督执纪执法回应群众期盼、保障民生福祉。

　　“在这次专项监督检查中，我们一手全力解决群众的急难愁盼，一手大力整治群众身边的腐败和作风问题，从‘小切口’做好民生‘大文章’。针对民生领域典型案件，通过综合运用纪检监察建议、组织专项治理及加大曝光力度等方式，打出监督‘组合拳’，督促各级党组织把‘人民至上、生命至上’的要求落实到具体工作中。”太仓市纪委监委相关负责人说。(中国纪检监察报)

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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