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来源：彩云网投注2024-04-20 17:48

【网络强国这十年】中国首创！数字时代互联网法院“大显身手”******

　　从呱呱坠地到垂暮之年、从柴米油盐到诗和远方、从现实生活到数字世界，宪法时时刻刻都在保护着我们每一位公民。

　　宪法是国家的根本法，是治国安邦的总章程。2022年12月4日至10日，是我国第五个宪法宣传周，主题为“学习宣传贯彻党的二十大精神，推动全面贯彻实施宪法”。

　　近年来，数字技术的高速发展和创新技术运用，深刻改变与嵌入到了人们的生活、生产各类场景之中。互联网带来越来越便捷的生活，也产生了各种涉网纠纷，甚至各类涉网犯罪案件纷至沓来。

　　网络空间并非“法外之地”！互联网时代，对现有司法服务体系提出了更高要求。“互联网法院”在中国便应运而生了。宪法宣传周，一起来普法。让我们一起看看24小时“不打烊”的互联网法院究竟什么样。

【网络强国这十年】中国首创！数字时代互联网法院“大显身手”

　　以北京互联网法院为例，法院按照“网上案件网上审理”的基本思路，全流程一体化在线服务平台，实现案件诉讼环节的在线进行。它打破了空间限制，足不出户就能够参与庭审；打破了时间限制，做到了法院24小时“不打烊”；打破了复杂程序，扩展多渠道留存证据等。

【网络强国这十年】中国首创！数字时代互联网法院“大显身手”

　　互联网法院管辖范围有哪些？还是以北京互联网法院为例，它受理的案件都是涉互联网，主要涉及11个方面。比如，通过电子商务平台签订或者履行网络购物合同而产生的纠纷；签订、履行行为均在互联网上完成的网络服务合同纠纷等。像电商购物买到假货、社交平台泄露个人隐私、网络创作遭到抄袭等，都可以在互联网法院起诉维权！

【网络强国这十年】中国首创！数字时代互联网法院“大显身手”

　　我国自2017年以来，先后在杭州、北京、广州成立了3家“互联网法院”。要知道，这三家“线下实体法院”集中管辖各种类型的互联网案件，意味着我国已经步入互联网案件集中管辖、专业审判的新时代。

【网络强国这十年】中国首创！数字时代互联网法院“大显身手”

　　我国互联网法院在实践中取得了显著成效。目前，世界上仅我国建立互联网法院，其他国家有的传统法院开展了线上审判活动，有的也有电子司法方面的法律，但尚未建立统一受理互联网案件的互联网法院。

　　“互联网法院”这一概念不仅是我国原创，也是世界司法史上信息化背景下具有时代意义的创举，更是人类法治文明的最新组成部分，为推动构建网络空间命运共同体提供坚实的司法保障。

　　监制：张宁

　　统筹：李政葳、廖慧

　　策划：陈畅、孙满桃

　　文案/制作：李飞、王一涵

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.